Installation Issues
Midrange drivers are usually used in three way multi driver speaker systems. There are therefore special considerations involved in the acoustic join between the midrange and both the low frequency (woofers) and the high frequency drivers (tweeters). The nature of the drivers on both sides of the midrange, and the midrange itself affect the selection of crossover frequency and slope. Nearly all crossovers are passive circuits, designed to match the characteristics of the drivers and their mounting, and are built of capacitors, inductors, and resistors. Active or 'electronic' crossovers are used in some high performance hi-fi speakers, and in professional sound reinforcement systems.
Placement of the midrange (and tweeter) drivers on the enclosure baffle significantly affects the output of the driver, and the material surrounding the midrange and tweeter drivers on the baffle can produce (or inhibit) reflections of energy from the baffle face, or other items, further influencing the output. Grilles, especially those with structural frames, can further modify the output of the entire speaker system. One of the terms used in design circles to describe some of these diffraction and reflection artifacts is the baffle step effect.
When a midrange speaker is mounted in the same box as a woofer, it will have its own small sub-enclosure, or a sealed back, to prevent the woofer's backwave radiation into the box from affecting the midrange's cone or dome motion.
Read more about this topic: Mid-range Speaker
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