Europe
- Abkhazia - Mikheil, Prince of Abkhazia (1822–1864)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Léopold I, King of the Belgians (1831–1865)
- Cabinet Chief - Henri de Brouckère, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1852–1855)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Frederick VII, King of Denmark (1848–1863)
- Prime Minister -
- Christian Albrecht Bluhme, Prime Minister of Denmark (1852–1853)
- Anders Sandoe Ørsted, Prime Minister of Denmark (1853–1854)
- France - Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870)
- German Confederation - Franz Joseph of Austria, President of the German Confederation (1850–1866)
- Austria - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria (1848–1916)
- Bremen - Johann Smidt, president of the senate, Burgomaster in chief of Bremen (1850, 1853, 1855 and 1857)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister -
- Jean-Jacques Madelaine Willmar, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1848–1853)
- Mathias Simons, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1853–1860)
- Prussia -
- Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1840–1861)
- Prime Minister - Otto von Manteuffel, Minister-President of Prussia (1850–1858)
- Bavaria - Maximilian II, King of Bavaria (1848–1864)
- Saxony - Frederick Augustus, King of Saxony (1836–1854)
- Hanover - George, King of Hanover (1851–1866)
- Württemberg - William, King of Württemberg (1816–1864)
- Greece -
- Monarch - Otto, King of Greece (1832–1862)
- Prime Minister - Antonios Kriezis, Prime Minister of Greece (1849–1854)
- Hungary - Franz Joseph I of Austria, King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Menton and Roquebrune - Charles Trenca, President of the Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune (1848–1853)
- Monaco - Florestan I, Prince of Monaco (1841–1856)
- Netherlands
- Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister -
- Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1849–1853, 1862–1866, 1871–1872)
- Floris Adriaan van Hall, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1853–1856, 1860–1861)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Monarch - Abd-ul-Mejid I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1839–1861)
- Grand Vizier -
- Damad Mehmed Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1852–1853)
- Mustafa Naili Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1853–1854)
- Portugal -
- Maria II, Queen of Portugal (1826–1828, 1834–1853)
- Pedro V, King of Portugal (1853–1861)
- Russia - Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia (1825–1855)
- Spain - Isabella II, Queen of Spain (September 29, 1833–1868)
- Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar I, King of Sweden (1844–1859)
- Tuscany - Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1824–1859)
- Two Sicilies - Ferdinand II, King of the Two Sicilies (1830–1859)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister - The Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1852–1855)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1853
Famous quotes containing the word europe:
“You can always tell a Midwestern couple in Europe because they will be standing in the middle of a busy intersection looking at a wind-blown map and arguing over which way is west. European cities, with their wandering streets and undisciplined alleys, drive Midwesterners practically insane.”
—Bill Bryson (b. 1951)
“Positively I sit here, and look at Europe sink, first one deck disappearing, then another, and the whole ship slowly plunging bow-down into the abyss; until the nightmare gets to be howling. The Roman Empire was a trifle to it.”
—Henry Brooks Adams (1838–1918)
“Europe has lived on its contradictions, flourished on its differences, and, constantly transcending itself thereby, has created a civilization on which the whole world depends even when rejecting it. This is why I do not believe in a Europe unified under the weight of an ideology or of a technocracy that overlooked these differences.”
—Albert Camus (1913–1960)