Ruling
The District Court, Jones, J., held that:
- Operator did not directly infringe on author's copyrighted works;
- Author granted operator implied license to display “cached” links to web pages containing his copyrighted works;
- Author was estopped from asserting copyright infringement claim against operator;
- Fair use doctrine protected operator's use of author's works; and
- Search engine fell within protection of safe harbor provision of Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA).
Summary judgment for operator.
The court held that "Field decided to manufacture a claim for copyright infringement against Google in the hopes of making-money from Google's standard practice." The court then went on to rule in Google's favor on all of its defense theories.
Read more about this topic: Field V. Google
Famous quotes containing the word ruling:
“A theory of the middle class: that it is not to be determined by its financial situation but rather by its relation to government. That is, one could shade down from an actual ruling or governing class to a class hopelessly out of relation to government, thinking of gov’t as beyond its control, of itself as wholly controlled by gov’t. Somewhere in between and in gradations is the group that has the sense that gov’t exists for it, and shapes its consciousness accordingly.”
—Lionel Trilling (1905–1975)
“Still doth the soul, from its lone fastness high,
Upon our life a ruling effluence send.
And when it fails, fight as we will, we die;
And while it lasts, we cannot wholly end.”
—Matthew Arnold (1822–1888)
“In every one of us there are two ruling and directing principles, whose guidance we follow wherever they may lead; the one being an innate desire of pleasure; the other, an acquired judgment which aspires after excellence.”
—Socrates (469–399 B.C.)