Charlier may refer to:
- Anna Charlier, fiancée of North pole explorer Nils Strindberg
- Carl Charlier (1862–1934), Swedish astronomer
- Jean-Michel Charlier (1924–1989), Belgian scriptwriter and comic book author
- Joseph Charlier (1816–1896), Belgian self-described jurist, writer, accountant, and merchant
- Charlier (lunar crater), a lunar crater
- Charlier Cut, a method of cutting a deck of cards with one hand