Morphology
Aymara morphemes can be divided into the following categories:
- Inflectional
- Derivational
- Transpositional
- Independent
- Sentence suffixes
Inflectional and derivational morphemes can be subdivided into nominal and verbal categories. So for example, the inflectional sub-categories are as follows:
Verbal inflection
- Tense (aorist, future, proximal past, distal past)
- Aspect (completive, progressive, sustainer, etc.)
- Mood / Modality
- Person (1, 2, 3, 4)
- Number (plural)
Nominal inflection
- Number (plural)
- Possession
- Location
- Case (nominal, accusative, commitative, allative, etc.)
The same division can be done for the derivational morphemes. Verbal derivation is characterized by a range of morphemes which indicate spatial direction and direction of motion.
Derivational morphemes: Direction of motion
- upward -ta, -ja
- downward -qa
- outward -su
- inward -nta
Note that the downward morpheme -qa also expresses the act of division or splitting.
Read more about this topic: Aymara Language
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