Advantages
Zig zags tend to be cheaper to construct because the grades required are discontinuous. Civil engineers can generally find a series of shorter segments going back and forth up the side of a hill more easily and with less grading than they can a continuous grade which has to contend with the larger scale geography of the hills to be surmounted.
Read more about this topic: Zig Zag (railway)
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—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
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