In particle physics, a Yukawa potential (also called a screened Coulomb potential) is a potential of the form
where g is a magnitude scaling constant, m is the mass of the affected particle, r is the radial distance to the particle, and k is another scaling constant. The potential is monotone increasing, implying that the force is always attractive.
In interactions between a meson field and a fermion field, the constant g is equal to the coupling constant between those fields. In the case of the nuclear force, the fermions would be a proton and another proton or a neutron.
Read more about Yukawa Potential: History, Relation To Coulomb Potential, Fourier Transform, Feynman Amplitude
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—Emilie Buchwald (20th century)