States
In this protocol, each block in the local cache is in one of these four states:
- Invalid: This block has an incoherent copy of the memory.
- Valid: This block has a coherent copy of the memory. The data may be possibly shared, but its content is not modified.
- Reserved: The block is the only copy of the memory, but it is still coherent. No write-back is needed if the block is replaced.
- Dirty: The block is the only copy of the memory and it is incoherent. This copy was written one or more times. This is the only state that generates a write-back when the block is replaced in the cache.
These states have exactly the same meanings as the four states of the MESI protocol (they are simply listed in reverse order), but this is a simplified form of it that avoids the Read for Ownership operation. Instead, all invalidation is done by writes to main memory.
For any given pair of caches, the permitted states of a given cache line are as follows (abbreviated in the order above):
| I | V | R | D | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| V | Y | Y | N | N |
| R | Y | N | N | N |
| D | Y | N | N | N |
Read more about this topic: Write-once (cache Coherence)
Famous quotes containing the word states:
“How many people in the United States do you think will be willing to go to war to free Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania?”
—Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945)
“Mr. Christian, it is about time for many people to begin to come to the White House to discuss different phases of the coal strike. When anybody comes, if his special problem concerns the state, refer him to the governor of Pennsylvania. If his problem has a national phase, refer him to the United States Coal Commission. In no event bring him to me.”
—Calvin Coolidge (1872–1933)
“Institutions of higher education in the United States are products of Western society in which masculine values like an orientation toward achievement and objectivity are valued over cooperation, connectedness and subjectivity.”
—Yolanda Moses (b. 1946)