Bridges
In a bridge, the wing walls are adjacent to the abutments and act as retaining walls. They are generally constructed of the same material as those of abutments. The wing walls can either be attached to the abutment or be independent of it. Wing walls are provided at both ends of the abutments to retain the earth filling of the approaches. Their design period depends upon the nature of the embankment and does not depend upon the type or parts of the bridge.
The soil and fill supporting the roadway and approach embankment are retained by the wing walls, which can be at a right angle to the abument or splayed at different angles. The wing walls are generally constructed at the same time and of the same materials as the abuments.
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—Robert Bridges (1844–1930)
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—Madeline Bridges (fl. C. 1840)
“... this single span,
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The best of what we are and hold as true:
Always it is by bridges that we live.”
—Philip Larkin (1922–1986)