Methods For Obtaining Different Notes
- Changing the length of the vibrating air column by changing the effective length of the tube through opening or closing holes in the side of the tube. This can be done by covering the holes with fingers or pressing a key which then closes the hole. This method is used in nearly all woodwind instruments.
- Changing the length of the vibrating air column by changing the length of the tube through engaging valves (see rotary valve, piston valve) which route the air through additional tubing, thereby increasing overall tube length, lowering the fundamental pitch. This method is used on nearly all brass instruments.
- Changing the length of the vibrating air column by lengthening and/or shortening the tube using a sliding mechanism. This method is used on the trombone and the slide whistle.
- Making the column of air vibrate at different harmonics without changing the length of the column of air (see harmonic series).
All wind instruments use a combination of the first or second or third and the fourth method to extend their register.
Read more about this topic: Wind Instrument
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