Western Siouan Languages - Family Division

Family Division

The Siouan family proper consists of some 18 languages and various dialects:

I. Missouri River Siouan (AKA Crow–Hidatsa)

1. Crow (AKA Absaroka, Apsaroka, Apsaalooke, Upsaroka)

2. Hidatsa (AKA Gros Ventre, Minitari, Minnetaree)

II. Mandan Siouan

3. Mandan

a. Nuptare

b. Neutare

III. Mississippi Valley Siouan (AKA Central Siouan)

? Michigamea (†)

A. Dakotan (AKA Sioux–Assiniboine–Stoney)

4. Sioux

a. Santee–Sisseton (AKA Santee, Eastern Sioux, Eastern Dakota)

i. Santee

ii. Sisseton

b. Yankton–Yanktonai (AKA Yankton, Central Sioux, Eastern Dakota)

i. Yankton

ii. Yanktonai

c. Lakota (AKA Lakhota, Teton, Western Sioux)

i. Northern Lakota

ii. Southern Lakota

5. Assiniboine (AKA Assiniboin, Nakhóta, Nakhóda, Nakhóna)

6. Stoney (AKA Alberta Assiniboine, Nakhóda)

B. Chiwere–Winnebago (AKA Chiwere)

7. Chiwere (AKA Ioway–Otoe–Missouria, Ioway–Otoe)

a. Iowa (AKA Ioway)

b. Otoe (AKA Oto, Jiwere)

c. Missouria (AKA Missouri)

8. Winnebago (AKA Hocák, Hochunk, Hochank, Hocangara, Hotcangara, Hochangara)

C. Dhegiha

9. Omaha–Ponca

a. Omaha

b. Ponca (AKA Ponka)

10. Kansa–Osage

a. Kansa (AKA Kanza, Kaw) (†)

b. Osage

11. Quapaw (AKA Kwapa, Kwapaw, Arkansas) (†)

IV. Ohio Valley Siouan (AKA Southeastern Siouan) (†)

A. Virginia Siouan (AKA Tutelo) (†)

12. Tutelo-Saponi, Monacan (†)

13. Moneton (†)

B. Mississippi Siouan (AKA Ofo–Biloxi) (†)

14. Biloxi (†)

15. Ofo (AKA Ofogoula) (†)

(†) – Extinct language

Another view of both the Dakotan and Mississippi Valley branches is to represent them as dialect continuums.

All the Virginia Siouan dialects listed here are thought to have been closely related to one another; the term Tutelo language is also used in reference to their common tongue.