The Weldon process is a process developed in 1866 by Walter Weldon for recovering manganese dioxide for re-use in chlorine manufacture. Commercial operations started at the Gamble works in St. Helens in 1869. The process is describe in considerable detailed in the book, The Alkali Industry, by J.R. Partington,D.Sc.
The common method to manufacture chlorine at the time, was to react manganese dioxide (and related oxides) with hydrochloric acid to give chlorine:
- MnO2 + 4 HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
Weldon's contribution was to develop a process to recycle the manganese. The waste manganese(II) chloride solution is treated with lime, steam and oxygen, producing calcium manganite(IV):
- 2 MnCl2 + 3 Ca(OH)2 + O2 → CaO·2MnO2 + 3 H2O + 2 CaCl2
The resulting calcium manganite can be reacted with HCl as in related processes:
- CaO·2MnO2 + 10 HCl → CaCl2 + 2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + 5 H2O
The manganese(II) chloride can be recycled, while the calcium chloride is a waste byproduct.
The Weldon process was first replaced by the Deacon process and later by the Chloralkali process.
Famous quotes containing the words weldon and/or process:
“You end up as you deserve. In old age you must put up with the face, the friends, the health, and the children you have earned.”
—Fay Weldon (b. 1933)
“When you start with a portrait and search for a pure form, a clear volume, through successive eliminations, you arrive inevitably at the egg. Likewise, starting with the egg and following the same process in reverse, one finishes with the portrait.”
—Pablo Picasso (1881–1973)