Use of A Wedge For Lifting and Separating
Wedges are used to lift heavy objects, separating them from the surface upon which they rest.
Consider a block that is to be lifted by a wedge. As the wedge slides under the block, the block slides up the sloped side of a wedge. This lifts the weight FB of the block. The horizontal force FA needed to lift the block is obtained by considering the velocity of the wedge vA and the velocity of the block vB. If we assume the wedge does not dissipate or store energy, then the power into the wedge equals the power out, so
or
The velocity of the block is related to the velocity of the wedge by the slope of the side of the wedge. If the angle of the wedge is α then
which means
Thus, the smaller the angle α the greater the ratio of the lifting force to the applied force on the wedge. This is the mechanical advantage of the wedge. This formula for mechanical advantage applies to cutting edges and splitting operations as well as to lifting.
They can also be used to separate objects, such as blocks of cut stone. Splitting mauls and splitting wedges are used to split wood along the grain. A narrow wedge with a relatively long taper used to finely adjust the distance between objects is called a shim, and is commonly used in carpentry.
The tips of forks and nails are also wedges, as they split and separate the material into which they are pushed or driven; the shafts may then hold fast due to friction.
Read more about this topic: Wedge (mechanical Device)
Famous quotes containing the words wedge, lifting and/or separating:
“When we understand that man is the only animal who must create meaning, who must open a wedge into neutral nature, we already understand the essence of love. Love is the problem of an animal who must find life, create a dialogue with nature in order to experience his own being.”
—Ernest Becker (1924–1974)
“O Westmoreland, thou art a summer bird,
Which ever in the haunch of winter sings
The lifting up of day.”
—William Shakespeare (1564–1616)
“I have reached no conclusions, have erected no boundaries,
shutting out and shutting in, separating inside
from outside: I have
drawn no lines:”
—Archie Randolph Ammons (b. 1926)