Case of Two Alleles and Two Subpopulations
To make a slight generalization of the above example, let and represent the allele frequencies of A in and respectively (and and likewise represent a).
Let the allele frequency in each population be different, i.e. .
Suppose each population is in an internal Hardy-Weinberg equilibriums, so that the genotype frequencies AA, Aa and aa are p2, 2pq, and q2 respectively for each population.
Then the heterozygosity in the overall population is given by the mean of the two:
which is always smaller than ( = ) unless
Read more about this topic: Wahlund Effect
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