Twomey is a surname of Irish origin, and may refer to:
- Ann Twomey (born 1951), American labor union leader
- Anne Twomey (born 1951), American stage, film, and television actress
- Bill Twomey, Sr. (1899–after 1933), Australian rules football player
- Bill Twomey, Jr. (1927–2004), Australian rules football player
- Jeremiah Twomey (1847–1921), journalist and Member of the New Zealand Legislative Council
- Joe Twomey (fl. mid-20th century), Irish hurler
- John Twomey (musician), American manualist, hand musician
- John Twomey (athlete) (born 1923), American athlete
- Liam Twomey (born 1967), Irish Fine Gael politician from Wexford
- Margaret Twomey (born 1963), Australian diplomat; ambassador to Russia since 2008
- Mick Twomey (born 1931), Australian rules football player
- Moss (Maurice) Twomey (1897–1978), Irish republican; chief of staff of the IRA
- Pat Twomey (born 1929), Australian rules football player
- Paul Twomey (born 1961), American business consultant; CEO of ICANN
- Seamus Twomey (1919–1989), Irish republican; twice chief of the Provisional IRA
- Vincent Twomey (born 1941), Irish priest
- Vincy Twomey (born 1929), Irish hurler
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