Safety Standards
Distinction must be drawn between regulations and voluntary safety standards. From the table below, it can be seen that many regions model their safety standards on the EU's EN 71 standard, either directly, or through adoption of the ISO 8124 standard which itself is modelled on EN 71.
| Region | Standard(s) and Regulations |
|---|---|
| International | ISO 8124-1:2000 Safety aspects relating to mechanical and physical properties ISO 8124-2: 1994 Flammability ISO 8124-3: 1997 Migration of certain elements ISO 8098: 1989 Cycles – safety requirements for bicycles for young children |
| Argentina | Instituto Argentino de Racionalization de Materials 3583: Parte 1: 1986 Seguridad de los juguetes, marcado, rotulasdo y embalaje Parte 2: 1988 Propiedades mecanicas y fisicas Parte 3: 1988 Inflammabilidad Parte 4: 1991 Requisitos toxicologicos Parte 5: 1996 Juegos de experimentos quimicos y actividades relacionadas |
| Australia | AS/NZS ISO 8124.1-2002 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 1: Mechanical and physical property requirements AS/NZS ISO 8124 2-2003 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 2: Flammability requirements AS/NZS ISO 8124.3-2003 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 3 Migration of certain elements requirements AS 8124.4-2003 Safety of toys: (safety requirements) Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry requirements AS 8124.5-2003 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 5: Chemical requirements AS 8124.7-2003 Safety of toys - finger paints - requirements and test methods |
| Brazil | ABNT (Brazilian Association of Technical Standards) NBR 11786/1998 - Toy Safety |
| Canada | Technical Standards Safety Act and Upholstered and Stuffed Articles Regulation Hazardous Products Act R.S. c. H-3 Hazardous Products (Toys) Regulations C.R.C., c. 931 Hazardous Products (Pacifiers) Regulations: "Knob-Like" Pacifiers Policy Regulations Respecting the Advertising, Sale and Importation of Hazardous Products (Pacifiers) under Hazardous Products Act A Guide to Safety Requirements for Toys Toys: Age Classification Guidelines |
| China | ISO 8124.1:2002 Safety of Toys - Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties GB 9832-93 Safety and Quality of Sewn, Plush and Cloth Toys GB 5296.5-96 Labeling and Instructions for Toys |
| European Union | EN 71-1:2011 Safety of toys: Mechanical and physical properties EN 71-2:2006+A1:2007 Flammability requirements EN 71-3:1994/AC:2002, Specification for migration of certain elements EN 71-4:1990/A3:2007 Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities EN 71-5:1993, Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets EN 71-6:1994 Graphical symbols for age warning labeling EN 71-7: 2002 Finger paints – Requirements and test methods EN 71-8:2003 Safety of toys - Outdoor activity toys EN 71-9: 2005 Organic chemical compounds EN 62115:2005 Safety of electric toys |
| Hong Kong | Toys and Children's Products Safety Regulation (in compliance with ASTM F963, ICTI or EN-71) |
| Jamaica | JS 90:1983 Jamaican Standard Specification for Safety of toys and playthings |
| Japan | The Japan Toy Association Toy Safety Standard Part 1 - Mechanical and Physical Properties Part 2 - Flammability Part 3 - Chemical Properties |
| Malaysia | Safety of Toys MS EN71 Part 1:1995 (P) Mechanical and Physical Properties MS ISO 8124-2:1999 Flammability MS EN71 Part 3: 1998 Migration of Certain Elements MS EN71 Part 4:1998 Experimental Sets for Chemistry and Related Activities MS EN71 Part 5: 1998 Chemical Toys (Sets) Other than Experimental Sets |
| Mexico | NOM 015/10-SCFI/SSA-1994 Toy Safety and Commercial Information - Toy and School Material Safety. Limits on the Bioavailability of Metals used on Articles with Paints and Dyes. Chemical Specifications and Test Methods. |
| New Zealand | AS/NZS ISO 8124.1:2002 Safety of Toys - Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties (ISO 8124.1:2000, MOD) AS/NZS ISO 8124.2:2003 Safety of Toys - Flammability (ISO 8124.2: 1994, MOD) AS/NZS ISO 8124.3:2003 Safety of toys - Migration of certain elements |
| Saudi Arabia | SSA 765-1994 Playground Equipment Part I: General Safety Requirements SSA 1063-1994 Toys and General Safety Requirements |
| Singapore | Safety of Toys: SS 474 PT. 1:2000 Part 1: Mechanical and Physical Properties SS 474 PT. 2: 2000 Part 2: Flammability SS 474 PT. 3: 2000 Part 3: Migration of Certain Elements SS 474 PT. 4: 2000 Part 4: Experimental Sets for Chemistry and Related Activities SS 474 PT. 5: 2000 Part 5: Chemical Toys (sets) Other Than Experimental Sets SS 474 PT. 6: 2000 Part 6: Graphical Symbol for Age Warning labelling |
| South Africa | SABS ISO 8124-1:2000 Safety of Toys - Part 1: Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and Physical Properties SABS ISO 8124-2:1994 Flammability SABS ISO 8124-3:1997 Migration of Certain Elements |
| Taiwan | Central National Standard CNS 4797, 4798 Toy Safety Standard Central National Standard CNS 12940 for Strollers and Carriages Toy Goods Labeling Criteria |
| Thailand | Thai Industrial Standard for Toys TIS 685-2540 Part 1: General Requirements (1997)
Compulsory Stnd. |
| United States | Mandatory Toy Safety Standard: Code of Federal Regulations, Commercial Practices 16, Part 1000 to End (16CFR) Title 15 -Commerce and Foreign Trade Chapter XI - Technology Administration, Department of Commerce Part 1150 - Marking of Toy, Look-alike and Imitation Firearms U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Engineering Test Manual for Rattles U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Engineering Test Manual for Pacifiers U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Labeling Requirements for Art Materials Presenting Chronic Hazards (LHAMA) U.S. Child Safety Protection Act, Small Parts Hazard Warning Rule and Rules for Reporting Choking Incidents Age Determination Guidelines: Relating Children's Ages to Toy Characteristics and Play Behavior (September 2002) ASTM F963-07 Standard Consumer Safety Specification on Toy Safety (effective February 2009) ASTM F963-08 Standard Consumer Safety Specification on Toy Safety Voluntary Toy Safety Standard: ASTM F963-07e1 Standard Consumer Safety Specification on Toy Safety ASTM F734-84 (89/94) Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests ASTM F1148-97a Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Home Playground Equipment ASTM F1313-90 Standard Specification for Volatile N-Nitrosamine Levels in Rubber Nipples on Pacifiers ANSI Z315.1-1996 American National Standard for Tricycles - Safety Requirements ANSI/UL 696, Ninth Edition Standard for Safety Electric Toys |
(Source: ICTI Toy Safety Standards)
In Europe toys must meet the criteria set by the EC Toy Safety Directive (essentially that a toy be safe, which may be addressed by testing to European Standard EN71) in order for them to carry the CE mark. All European Union member states have transposed this directive into law - for example, the UK's Toy (Safety) Regulations 1995. Trading Standards Officers in the UK, similarly to appropriate authorities in the other EU member states, have the power to immediately demand the withdrawal of a toy product from sale on safety grounds via the RAPEX recall notification system (used for all products subject to European safety legislation). In Canada the government department Health Canada has the responsibility of ensuring product safety, just as the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) does in the United States. Australian and New Zealand toy safety standards (following the approximate model of the European Toy Safety Standard) have been adopted by the ISO as International Standard ISO 8124. Toy safety standards are continually updated and modified as the understanding of risks increases and new products are developed.
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