Comparison To Other Indo-European Languages
| Tocharian vocabulary (sample) | ||||||||||||
| English | Tocharian A | Tocharian B | Ancient Greek | Sanskrit | Latin | Gothic | Old Irish | Proto-Indo-European | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | sas | ṣe | heĩs, hen | sa(kṛ́t) | semel | simle | samail | PToch *sems ← *sḗm | ||||
| two | wu | wi | duo | dvā́ | duo | twái | dá | *duoh₁ | ||||
| three | tre | trai | treis | tráyas | trēs | þreis | trí | *tréi̯es | ||||
| four | śtwar | śtwer | téssares | catvā́ras, catúras | quattuor | fidwōr | cethair | *kʷetu̯óres | ||||
| five | päñ | piś | pénte | páñca | quīnque | fimf | cóic | *pénkʷe | ||||
| six | ṣäk | ṣkas | héx | ṣáṣ | sex | saihs | sé | *su̯éḱs | ||||
| seven | ṣpät | ṣukt | heptá | saptá | septem | sibun | secht | *septḿ̥ | ||||
| eight | okät | okt | oktṓ | aṣṭáu, aṣṭá | octō | ahtau | ocht | *h₃eḱtéh₃(u) | ||||
| nine | ñu | ñu | ennéa | náva | novem | niun | noí | *h₁néun̥ | ||||
| ten | śäk | śak | déka | dáśa | decem | taihun | deich | *déḱm̥t | ||||
| hundred | känt | kante | hekatón | śatām | centum | hund | cét | *ḱm̥tóm | ||||
| father | pācar | pācer | patḗr | pitṛ | pater | fadar | athair | *ph₂tḗr | ||||
| mother | mācar | mācer | mḗtēr | mātṛ | mater | mōdar | máthair | *méh₂tēr | ||||
| brother | pracar | procer | phrā́tēr | bhrātṛ | frāter | brōþar | bráthair | *bʰréh₂tēr | ||||
| sister | ṣar | ṣer | héor | svásṛ | soror | swistar | siur | *swésōr | ||||
| horse | yuk | yakwe | híppos | áśva- | equus | aiƕs | ech | *h₁éḱwos | ||||
| cow | ko | keu | boũs | gaúṣ | bōs | (OE cū) | bó | *gʷeh₃us ~ *gʷh₃eum̥ | ||||
| voice | vak | vek | épos | vāk | vōx | (Du gewag) | foccul | *u̯ṓkʷs | ||||
| name | ñom | ñem | ónoma | nāman- | nōmen | namō | ainmm | *h₃néh₃-m̥n | ||||
| to milk | mālkā | mālkant | amélgein | — | mulgēre | miluks | bligid (MIr) | *h₂melǵ-ei̯e | ||||
Read more about this topic: Tocharian Languages
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“I am always sorry when any language is lost, because languages are the pedigree of nations.”
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