Thornburgh is a surname, and may refer to:
- Dick Thornburgh (b. 1932), American politician; governor of Pennsylvania 1979–87; U.S. Attorney General 1988–91
- Jacob Montgomery Thornburgh (1837–1890), American politician from Tennessee; U.S. representative 1873–79
- Ron Thornburgh (contemporary), American politician; Secretary of State of Kansas since 1994
- Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
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