Synovial Membrane - Pathology

Pathology

Synovium can become irritated and thickened in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. When this happens, the synovium can become a danger to the bearing surface structure in a variety of ways. Excess synovial fluid weeping from inflamed synovium can provide a barrier to diffusion of nutrients to cartilage. The synovial cells may also use up nutrients so that the glucose level in the tissue is almost zero. These factors may lead to starvation and death of cartilage cells. Synovial cells may also produce enzymes that can digest the cartilage surface, although it is not clear that these will damage cartilage with healthy cells.