Symmetric Relation
In mathematics, a binary relation R over a set X is symmetric if it holds for all a and b in X that if a is related to b then b is related to a.
In mathematical notation, this is:
Note: symmetry is not the exact opposite of antisymmetry (aRb and bRa implies b = a). There are relations which are both symmetric and antisymmetric (equality and its subrelations, including, vacuously, the empty relation), there are relations which are neither symmetric nor antisymmetric (the relation "divides" on the set ℤ; the relation "preys on" in biological sciences), there are relations which are symmetric and not antisymmetric (congruence modulo n), and there are relations which are not symmetric but are antisymmetric ("is less than or equal to").
A symmetric relation that is also transitive and reflexive is an equivalence relation.
Read more about Symmetric Relation: Graph-theoretic Interpretation, Examples
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