Implementation
The exact and correct implementation of stored procedures varies from one database system to another. Most major database vendors support them in some form. Depending on the database system, stored procedures can be implemented in a variety of programming languages, for example SQL, Java, C, or C++. Stored procedures written in non-SQL programming languages may or may not execute SQL statements themselves.
The increasing adoption of stored procedures led to the introduction of procedural elements to the SQL language in the SQL:1999 and SQL:2003 standards in the part SQL/PSM. That made SQL an imperative programming language. Most database systems offer proprietary and vendor-specific extensions, exceeding SQL/PSM. A standard specification for Java stored procedures exists as well as SQL/JRT.
| Database system | Implementation language |
|---|---|
| CUBRID | Java |
| DB2 | SQL PL (close to the SQL/PSM standard) or Java |
| Firebird | PSQL (Fyracle also supports portions of Oracle's PL/SQL) |
| Informix | SPL or Java |
| Microsoft SQL Server | Transact-SQL and various .NET Framework languages |
| MySQL | own stored procedures, closely adhering to SQL/PSM standard. |
| Oracle | PL/SQL or Java |
| PostgreSQL | PL/pgSQL, can also use own function languages such as pl/perl or pl/php |
| Sybase ASE | Transact-SQL |
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