A stochastic context-free grammar (SCFG; also probabilistic context-free grammar, PCFG) is a context-free grammar in which each production is augmented with a probability. The probability of a derivation (parse) is then the product of the probabilities of the productions used in that derivation; thus some derivations are more consistent with the stochastic grammar than others. SCFGs extend context-free grammars in the same way that hidden Markov models extend regular grammars. SCFGs have application in areas as diverse as Natural language processing to the study of RNA molecules. SCFGs are a specialized form of weighted context-free grammars.
Read more about Stochastic Context-free Grammar: Techniques, Linguistics and Psycholinguistics
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