Titles Created During The Current Reign
Since the beginning of his reign in 1975, King Juan Carlos has created new titles for about 51 people (as of April 2011), among others recognizing the merits of politicians and artists. Some of these dignities have been hereditary. Examples include
- Camilo José Cela, author and Nobel laureate, created 1st Marquis of Iria Flavia in 1996
- Vicente del Bosque, football manager, created 1st Marquis of Del Bosque in 2011
- Salvador Dalí, surrealist painter, created 1st Marquis of Dalí de Púbol in 1982
- Carmen Franco y Polo, daughter of dictator Francisco Franco, created 1st Duchess of Franco and Grandee of Spain in 1975
- Joaquín Rodrigo, composer and pianist, created 1st Marquis de los Jardines de Aranjuez in 1991
- Margarita Salas, scientist, created 1st Marquise of Canero in 2008
- Juan Antonio Samaranch, President of the International Olympic Committee, created 1st Marquis of Samaranch and Grandee of Spain in 1991
- José Ángel Sánchez Asiaín, an international banker, created 1st Marquis of Asiaín in 2010
- Andres Segovia, classical guitarist, created 1st Marquis of Salobreña in 1981
- Adolfo Suárez, Prime Minister, created 1st Duke of Suárez and Grandee of Spain in 1981
- Antoni Tàpies, painter, created 1st Marquis of Tàpies in 2010
- Mario Vargas Llosa, author and Nobel laureate, created 1st Marquis of Vargas Llosa in 2011.
King Juan Carlos also exceptionally confirmed the title of Count of Barcelona, a title historically attached to the Crown, but used as a title of pretence by his father Juan de Borbón during the dynasty's 20th century exile and the subsequent reign of his son.
Read more about this topic: Spanish Nobility
Famous quotes containing the words titles, created, current and/or reign:
“Lear. Dost thou call me fool, boy?
Fool. All thy other titles thou hast given away; that thou wast born with.”
—William Shakespeare (1564–1616)
“Without doubt God is the universal moving force, but each being is moved according to the nature that God has given it.... He directs angels, man, animals, brute matter, in sum all created things, but each according to its nature, and man having been created free, he is freely led. This rule is truly the eternal law and in it we must believe.”
—Joseph De Maistre (1753–1821)
“The current flows fast and furious. It issues in a spate of words from the loudspeakers and the politicians. Every day they tell us that we are a free people fighting to defend freedom. That is the current that has whirled the young airman up into the sky and keeps him circulating there among the clouds. Down here, with a roof to cover us and a gasmask handy, it is our business to puncture gasbags and discover the seeds of truth.”
—Virginia Woolf (1882–1941)
“Fatalism, whose solving word in all crises of behavior is “All striving is vain,” will never reign supreme, for the impulse to take life strivingly is indestructible in the race. Moral creeds which speak to that impulse will be widely successful in spite of inconsistency, vagueness, and shadowy determination of expectancy. Man needs a rule for his will, and will invent one if one be not given him.”
—William James (1842–1910)