Soyuz T-10-1

The Soyuz T-10-1 mission (often called Soyuz T-10a in the West) was intended to visit the Salyut 7 space station, which was occupied by the Soyuz T-9 crew. However, it never finished its launch countdown; the launch vehicle was destroyed on the launch pad by fire on September 26, 1983. The launch escape system of the Soyuz spacecraft fired two seconds before the launch vehicle exploded, saving the crew. It is so far the only case in which a launch escape system was fired with a crew aboard while the rocket was still on the pad.