South Asian Numbering System - Vedic Numbering Systems

Vedic Numbering Systems

There are various systems of numeration found in various ancient Vedic literatures of India. The following table gives one such system used in the Valmiki Ramayana.

Sanskrit (transliteration) Indian figure Power
notation
Arabic figure Short scale Arabic
एक (eka) 100 one
दश (dasha) 101 ten
शत (shata) 102 hundred
सहस्र (sahasra) 103 one thousand
अयुत (ayuta) 104 ten thousand
लक्ष (lakṣa) 105 one hundred thousand
कोटि (koṭi) 107 ten million
शङ्कु (śaṅku) 1012 one trillion
महाशङ्कु (mahā-śaṅku) 1017 one hundred quadrillion
वृन्द (vṛnda) 1022 ten sextillion
महावृन्द (mahā-vṛnda) 1027 one octillion
पद्म (padma) 1032 one hundred nonillion
महापद्म (mahā-padma) 1037 ten undecillion
खर्व (kharva) 1042 one tredecillion
महाखर्व (mahā-kharva) 1047 one hundred quattuordecillion
समुद्र (samudra) 1052 ten sexdecillion
ओघ (ogha) 1057 one octodecillion
महौघ (mahaugha/mahā-ogha) 1062 one hundred novemdecillion

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