Surrender of Jerusalem
Balian handed over the Tower of David on October 2. It was announced that every inhabitant had a month to pay their ransom, if they could (the length of time was perhaps 30 to 50 days, depending on the source). Saladin freed a number of slaves, as did his brother Saphadin. Balian and Heraclius freed many others with their own money. The ransomed inhabitants marched away in three columns; the Templars and Hospitallers led the first two, with Balian and the Patriarch leading the third. Balian joined his wife and family in Tripoli. According to the Muslim chronicler Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani, Heraclius took with him church treasures and reliquaries.
Some of the refugees went first to the County of Tripoli, which was under Crusader control. They were denied entrance and robbed of their possessions. Others went on to Antioch, Cilicia, Byzantium and Egypt. Some boarded Italian ships heading for Europe.
Saladin permitted Christian pilgrimages to Jerusalem and allowed the Church of the Holy Sepulchre to remain in Christian hands. To solidify Muslim claims to Jerusalem, many holy sites, including the shrine later known as Al-Aqsa Mosque, were ritually purified with rose water. He went on to capture a number of other castles that were still holding out against him, including Belvoir, Kerak, and Montreal, and returned to Tyre to besiege it for a second time.
Meanwhile, news of the disastrous defeat at Hattin was brought to Europe by Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre, as well as other pilgrims and travelers, while Saladin was conquering the rest of the kingdom throughout the summer of 1187. Plans were immediately made for a new crusade; on October 29, Pope Gregory VIII issued the bull Audita tremendi, even before hearing of the fall of Jerusalem. In England and France, the Saladin tithe was enacted in order to finance expenses. The Third Crusade did not get underway until 1189, in three separate contingents led by Richard Lionheart, Philip Augustus, and Frederick Barbarossa.
Read more about this topic: Siege Of Jerusalem (1187), The Siege
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