A side valley and a tributary valley are valleys whose brook or river flows into a greater one.
Upstream, the valleys can be classified in an increasing order which is equivalent to the usual orographic order: the tributaries are ordered from those nearest to the source of the river to those nearest to the mouth of the river. A confluence is where two or more tributaries or rivers flow together.
Read more about Side Valley: Orographic Order (e.g. River Humber), Basic Facts of Geomorphology, Shape of Side Valleys, Miscellaneous
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