Remarks
Many people, (such as Bostrom) believe the leading candidate for Doomsday argument refutation is a Self-Indication Assumption of some kind. It is popular partly because it is a purely Bayesian argument which accepts some of the DA's premises (such as the Indifference and Copernican principles). Other observations:
- The joint prior distribution, P(n|N), can be manipulated to produce a wide range of links between n and N by defining various birth probabilities given N. Since this distribution must be assumed prior to evidence, any particular choice of P(b|N) is faith-based. Many writers feel a joint distribution with no link N to n is more natural than the strong link given by the vague prior, making the DA "Irrelevant" (Page et al.) Others, such as Gott feel the opposite, and are more comfortable using the pure vague prior as the prior joint probability, with P(b|N) = 1 at all N.
- The SIA rebuttal is a very special form of the "a priori" rebuttal of the DA, and differs from that approach in being purely statistical.
- If the SIA is true then the mere fact of existence leads credence to "any" theory that postulates a "high" number of conscious beings in the universe, and controversially implies that a theory which does not is unlikely to be true. (For instance, the SIA implies that N is likely to be very high, so the probability of an upcoming Armageddon is correspondingly low, which makes the Doomsday clock’s warning of relatively imminent destruction a mistake.)
Under the Self-Indication Assumption the 'reference class' of which we are part includes a potentially vast number of the unborn (at least into this universe). In order to overturn the conventional DA calculation so completely the reservoir of souls (potential births) in the reference class must be astoundingly large. For instance, the certain-birth DA estimates the chance of reaching the trillionth (th) birth at around 5%; to shift this probability above 90% the SIA requires a potential number of humans in the order of (a septillion births). This might be feasible physically, and is also possible within the conventional DA model (though staggeringly unlikely). However, the SIA differs from the normal DA in having the reference class include all septillion unborn potential-humans at this point in history, when only sixty billion have been born. Including unborn people in the reference class we sample from means including in the reference class things for which we can never have any evidence. This puts the SIA at odds with philosophical approaches requiring strictly falsifiable constructs, such as Logical positivism.
Read more about this topic: Self-Indication Assumption Doomsday Argument Rebuttal
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