Native American
The first documented human presence in Sedona area dates back to 11,500 to 9,000 B.C. It was not until 1995 when a Clovis projectile point was discovered in Honanki which revealed the presence of the Paleo-Indian. Those people were big-game hunters. Around 9,000 B.C., the pre-historic Archaic people appeared in the Verde Valley. These people were hunter-gatherers and their presence in the area was longer than in other areas of the Southwest, till A.D. 300, most likely because of the ecological diversity and large amount of resources. There is a good amount of rock art left by the Archaic people around Sedona in places such as Palatki and Honanki.
Around A.D. 650, the Sinagua people entered the Verde Valley. Their culture is known for its art such as pottery, basketry and their masonry. They left a lot of rock art, pueblos and cliff dwellings such as Montezuma Well, Honanki, Palatki and Tuzigoot especially in the later periods of their presence in the area. The Sinagua abandoned the Verde Valley was abandoned about A.D.1400. Researchers believe the Sinagua and other clans moved to the Hopi mesas in Arizona and the Zuni and other pueblos in New Mexico.
The Yavapai came in from the West when the Sinagua were still there in the Verde Valley around A.D. 1300. They were nomadic hunter-gatherers. Some archaeologists place the Apache arrival in the Verde Valley around A.D. 1450. Many Apache groups were nomadic or seminomadic and traveled over large areas.
The Yavapai and Apache tribes were forcibly removed from the Verde Valley in 1876, to the San Carlos Indian Reservation, 180 miles southeast. 1500 people were marched, in midwinter, to San Carlos. Several hundred lost their lives. The survivors were interned for 25 years. About 200 Yavapai and Apache people returned to the Verde Valley in 1900 and have since intermingled as a single political entity although culturally distinct.
Read more about this topic: Sedona, Arizona, History
Famous quotes related to native american:
“It could probably be shown by facts and figures that there is no distinctly native American criminal class except Congress.”
—Mark Twain [Samuel Langhorne Clemens] (18351910)
“There can be no more ancient and traditional American value than ignorance. English-only speakers brought it with them to this country three centuries ago, and they quickly imposed it on the Africanswho were not allowed to learn to read and writeand on the Native Americans, who were simply not allowed.”
—Barbara Ehrenreich (b. 1941)