Applications To Probability Theory and Statistics
Suppose the random column vectors X, Y live in Rn and Rm respectively, and the vector (X, Y) in Rn+m has a multivariate normal distribution whose variance is the symmetric positive-definite matrix
where A is n-by-n and C is m-by-m.
Then the conditional variance of X given Y is the Schur complement of C in V:
If we take the matrix V above to be, not a variance of a random vector, but a sample variance, then it may have a Wishart distribution. In that case, the Schur complement of C in V also has a Wishart distribution.
Read more about this topic: Schur Complement
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