Within-domain Versus Across-domain
Geisler (2008) distinguishes between four kinds of domains: (1) Physical environments, (2) Images/Scenes, (3) Neural responses, and (4) Behavior.
Within the domain of images/scenes, one can study the characteristics of information related to redundancy and efficient coding.
Across-domain statistics determine how an autonomous system should make inferences about its environment, process information, and control its behavior. To study these statistics, it is necessary to sample or register information in multiple domains simultaneously.
The image above was generated from a database of segmented leaves that simultaneously registers natural images (scene information) with the exact locations of leaf boundaries (information about the physical environment). Such a database can be used to study across-domain statistics.
Many papers have been published in the area of scene statistics.
Read more about this topic: Scene Statistics