Russia
- Andre Geim*, Physics, 2010
- Konstantin Novoselov*, Physics, 2010
- Leonid Hurwicz*, Economics, 2007
- Alexei A. Abrikosov*, Physics, 2003
- Vitaly Ginzburg, Physics, 2003
- Zhores Ivanovich Alferov, born in then Soviet Union, now Belarus, Physics, 2000
- Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, Peace, 1990
- Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky*, Literature, 1987
- Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Physics, 1978
- Menachem Begin*, born in now Belarus, Peace, 1978
- Ilya Prigogine*, Chemistry, 1977
- Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, Peace, 1975
- Leonid Vitalyevich Kantorovich, Economics, 1975
- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Literature, 1970
- Michail Sholokhov, Literature, 1965
- Nicolay G. Basov, Physics, 1964
- Aleksandr M. Prokhorov, born in Australia, Physics, 1964
- Lev Landau, born in now Azerbaijan, Physics, 1962
- Boris Pasternak, Literature, 1958 (forced to decline)
- Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Physics, 1958
- Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm, Physics, 1958
- Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, Physics, 1958
- Nikolay Nikolayevich Semyonov, Chemistry, 1956
- Ivan Bunin*, Literature, 1933
- Wilhelm Ostwald*, born in now Latvia, Chemistry, 1909
- Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov, born in now Ukraine, Physiology or Medicine, 1908
- Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, Physiology or Medicine, 1904
Read more about this topic: Russian Nobel Laureates
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—Mary Heaton Vorse (1874–1966)
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—Friedrich Dürrenmatt (1921–1990)
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—Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (1860–1904)