Rothberg may refer to:
- Bob Rothberg (1901–1938), a songwriter
- Jonathan M. Rothberg (born 1963), an American scientist and entrepreneur
- Patti Rothberg (born 1972), a New York-based singer, songwriter, recording artist, multi-instrumentalist, and painter/artist
- Künter Rothberg (born 1984), an Estonian judoka
- Rothberg Institute For Childhood Diseases
- Rothberg, the German name for Roşia Commune, Sibiu County, Romania