Types
There are two types of respiratory alkalosis: chronic and acute.
- Acute respiratory alkalosis occurs rapidly. For every 10 mmHg drop in PCO2 in arterial blood, there is a corresponding 2 mEq/L drop in bicarbonate ion due to acute compensation. During acute respiratory alkalosis, the person may lose consciousness where the rate of ventilation will resume to normal.
- Chronic respiratory alkalosis is a more long-standing condition. For every 10 mmHg drop in PCO2 in arterial blood, there is a corresponding 5 mEq/L drop in bicarbonate ion. The drop of 5 mEq/L of bicarbonate ion is a compensation effect which reduces the alkalosis effect of the drop in PCO2 in blood. This is termed metabolic compensation.
Read more about this topic: Respiratory Alkalosis
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