Demographics
According to the 2011 census Rayagada district has a population of 961,959, roughly equal to the nation of Fiji or the US state of Montana. This gives it a ranking of 454th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 136 inhabitants per square kilometre (350 /sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.74%. Rayagada has a sex ratio of 1048 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 50.88%.
The district has a predominant tribal population of 57.52%. All the 11 blocks of the district have been covered under tribal sub-plan with three micro projects in operation for the pre-literate indigenous tribal communities.
The topography of Rayagada gives a prefect platform for the tribals in sustaining their ethno-cultural identity in the district. Forest area covers an extent of 4785.36 km2 out of which 777.27 km² is Reserved forest.
The district has been the homeland of various tribal communities with their sub-tribes, who are found in different levels of development depending upon their assimilation with the mainstream or modern communities. In the ethno-cultural map of Orissa, two tribes stand out quite prominently for their education backwardness and continuing ethnic and cultural identity, the Kondhas and the Souras.
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