Rawa Mazowiecka is a town in central Poland, with 17,765 inhabitants (2004). It lies in the Łódź Voivodeship and is the capital of Rawa County.
First mentioned in 1288, it received city rights in 1321. From 1562 the city hosted the Rawa Treasury for the Polish-Lithuanian army. During an excavation in 1948, a horde dating from 600 BCE was found containing 4 underground rooms with barrels of gold and silver. A smaller treasure was found containing mainly bronze artifacts from the Trzciniec culture, dating from around 1700 BCE.
On 15 May 1958, a powerful tornado hit Rawa and damaged most of the buildings in the city.