Ralstonia Solanacearum - Environment

Environment

The environment that Ralstonia solanacearum is commonly found in is affected by the particular race (a genetically diverse population within a species), and the particular biovar (a strain that differs physiologically or biochemically from other strains.) Race 1, race 2 biovar 1, and race 3 biovar 2 are three of the most common and important strains of Ralstonia solanacearum. Race 1 strains have a broad host range including tobacco and bananas, and are usually found in tropical and subtropical environments as they have trouble surviving cooler temperatures, and are endemic to the southeastern United States. Race 2 strains have a more limited host range than race 1, and are mostly restricted to tropical environments. Race 3 strains are more cold tolerant than the other two and are found in tropical highlands and temperate areas. The host range for race 3 biovar 2 includes potatoes, tomatoes, and geraniums. Race 3 biovar 2 is very common throughout the world, but is not generally reported in North America, and is therefore the focus of many sanitation and quarantine management practices to prevent the introduction or spread of the pathogen.