Regulation
Two additional enzymes regulate the “on” and “off” states of pyruvate formate lyase to regulate anaerobic glucose metabolism: PFL activase (AE) and PFL deactivase (DA). Activated pyruvate formate lyase allows formation of acetyl-CoA, a small molecule important in the production of energy, when pyruvate is available. Deactivated pyruvate formate lyase, even with substrates present, does not catalyze the reaction.
PFL activase is part of the radical SAM (S-adenosylmethionine) superfamily. The enzyme turns pyruvate formate lyase “on” by converting Gly734 (G-H) into a Gly734 radical (G*) via a 5'-deoxyadenosyl radical (radical SAM).
For more information about radical SAM activation and radical SAM enzymes, see the discussion by Wang et al., 2007.
PFL deactivase (DA) turns pyruvate formate lyase “off” by quenching the Gly734 radical. Furthermore, pyruvate formate lyase is sensitive to molecular oxygen (O2), the presence of which shuts the enzyme off.
Read more about this topic: Pyruvate Formate Lyase
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