Pushout (category Theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a pushout (also called a fibered coproduct or fibered sum or cocartesian square or amalgamed sum) is the colimit of a diagram consisting of two morphisms f : Z → X and g : Z → Y with a common domain: it is the colimit of the span .
The pushout is the categorical dual of the pullback.
Read more about Pushout (category Theory): Universal Property, Examples of Pushouts, Properties, Construction Via Coproducts and Coequalizers, Application: The Seifert-van Kampen Theorem