Members of The Provisional Government
The Proclamation is signed as follows:
| "Signed on Behalf of the Provisional Government, | ||
| THOMAS J. CLARKE. | ||
| SEAN Mac DIARMADA. | THOMAS MacDONAGH. | |
| P.H. PEARSE. | EAMONN CEANNT. | |
| JAMES CONNOLLY. | JOSEPH PLUNKETT." | |
Since no manuscript of the Proclamation exists, there are no holograph signatures. The seven signed “on behalf of” the Provisional Government, but it is generally accepted that they were themselves the government. However, there is no evidence that there were any designated responsibilities for any of the seven. It is not obvious in what order they signed. The signatures are commonly read from left to right and top to bottom, but they could just as easily be read from top to bottom on the left and then on the right. This would put Pearse in third place, after Clarke and Mac Diarmada, the original organisers of the Rising. Connolly, as leader of the Irish Citizen Army, would come after him. These four (plus Plunkett) were in the GPO Headquarters during the Rising, and military orders were issued by all four. Even the identity of the head of government is not altogether clear-cut. Pearse is generally believed to have been the leader of the rebels, and therefore Head of Government and President of the Republic, but Kathleen Clarke, widow of Tom Clarke, maintained that, by inviting Clarke to sign first, the other signatories acknowledged him as first President of the Republic, and said that Clarke confirmed that interpretation to her. In all probability, such distinctions were unimportant to the leaders of the Rising, and in the lead-up to Easter 1916, and during Easter Week itself, all their energies were devoted to the military campaign. With their deaths in the first two weeks of May 1916 the first government of the Irish Republic came to an end.
Read more about this topic: Provisional Government Of The Irish Republic
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