Provinces of Libya - Italian Colonial Era

Italian Colonial Era

After Italy took the area from the Ottoman Empire in 1912 it was administered as a single administrative unit called Italian North Africa. Then from 1927 to 1934, the territory was split into two separate colonies, each run by their own Italian governor: Italian Cyrenaica and Italian Tripolitania.

In 1934 Italy adopted the name "Libya" (Italian Libya) as the official name of the reunified area, and administratively divided it up into the three provinces of Cyrenaica, Tripolitania and Fezzan. In 1937 the Cyrenaica and Tripolitania provinces split, with northern Cyrenaica becoming Benghazi Province and Derna Province, and northern Tripolitania splitting into Tripoli Province and Misurata Province.

Fezzan was not split in 1937, but the whole southern Sahara Desert area was militarily administered as the Libyan Sahara Territory (Territorio del Sahara Libico or Il Territorio Militare del Sud Libico).

The Libyan Sahara Territory was divided into four military districts administered from the desert oases towns of Ghat, Brak, Murzuk and Hun. The Senussi order Kufra oasis area in the southeastern Libyan Desert was not separately administered by the Italians, although in 1932 they built a fort at the holy place of El Tag above it. This territory was administrered only by the Italian military, and in 1936 was increased with the Aouzou Strip from France's Chad.