Cognate Terms Concepts
The following is a list of cognate terms concepts that may be gleaned from comparative linguistic analysis of the Rigveda and Avesta. Both collections are from the period after the proposed date of separation (ca. 2nd millennium BCE) of the Proto-Indo-Iranians into their respective Indic Iranian branches.
| Indo-Iranian | Vedas term | Avestan term | Common meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| *ap | āp | āp | "water," āpas "the Waters" |
| Apam Napat, Apām Napāt | Apām Napāt | the "water's offspring" | |
| *aryaman | aryaman | airyaman | "Arya-hood" (lit:** "member of Arya community") |
| *rta | rta | asha/arta | "active truth", extending to "order" & "righteousness" |
| *athar-van- | atharvan | āϑrauuan | "priest" |
| *azi | ahi | azhi, (aži) | "dragon, snake", "serpent" |
| *daiva | deva | daeva, (daēuua) | a class of divinities |
| *manu | manu | manu | "man" |
| *mi-tra- | mitra | mithra, miϑra | "oath, covenant" |
| *asura | asura | ahura | a class of anti divinities |
| *sarvatāt | sarvatat | Hauruuatāt | "intactness", "perfection" |
| *saras-vnt-ih | Sarasvatī | Haraxvaitī (Ārəduuī Sūrā Anāhitā) | a controversial (generally considered mythological) river, a river goddess |
| *sau-ma- | soma | haoma | a plant, deified |
| *sva(h)r- | svar | hvar, xvar | the Sun, also cognate to Greek helios, Latin sol, Engl. Sun |
| *vr-tra- | Vrtra- | verethra, vərəϑra (cf. Verethragna, Vərəϑraγna) | "obstacle" |
| *yama | Yama | Yima | son of the solar deity Vivasvant/Vīuuahuuant |
| *yaj-na- | yajña | yasna, rel: yazata | "worship, sacrifice, oblation" |
Read more about this topic: Proto-Indo-Iranian Religion
Famous quotes containing the words cognate, terms and/or concepts:
“Or of the garden where we first mislaid
Simplicity of wish and will, forgetting
Out of what cognate splendor all things came
To take their scattering names;”
—Richard Wilbur (b. 1921)
“The very natural tendency to use terms derived from traditional grammar like verb, noun, adjective, passive voice, in describing languages outside of Indo-European is fraught with grave possibilities of misunderstanding.”
—Benjamin Lee Whorf (1897–1934)
“When you have broken the reality into concepts you never can reconstruct it in its wholeness.”
—William James (1842–1910)