Private Island - Ownership

Ownership

The benefit and disadvantage of an island property instead of property on the continent is that access is much more restricted, both from potential trespassers, but also from the owner, who needs to transport all supplies by boat or aircraft. Livestock has often been kept on islands, because an island is a natural enclosure, preventing the escape of cattle and sheep.

There are many thousands of uninhabited islands in the world with potential for commercial development of tourist resorts or private recreational use. Commercial development of uninhabited islands can bring up ecological concerns, as many have a fragile environment. Some islands can be bought undeveloped, while other include roads and/or houses. Islands are also available for rent. Some celebrities have their own private islands.

There are widely varying politics regarding private islands; for instance, islands outside the coast of China (and real estate in general) cannot be purchased, but only leased from the government with a maximum leasing period of 50 years. Virtually all islands in the world are claimed by the various governments in the world, so the laws of the claiming country would apply and gaining sovereignty would be virtually impossible, but some people still try to set up their own micronations on islands. Since islands can, under international law, only be claimed if they are at least 30 cm above the high tide point, some have even attempted to build sovereign islands, like real-estate millionaire Michael Oliver's attempt at building a libertarian city-state called the Republic of Minerva in the southern Pacific Ocean.

"Private" islands in the United Kingdom, Brazil, Chile and other countries are not legally entirely private – any foreshore, such as beaches, is owned by the state, and is hence publicly accessible property, despite what the owners of the land on the island may wish to claim. The same applies to freedom to roam in Nordic countries: only the yard of a house and the immediate vicinity is legally protected against trespassing, and the water bodies around the island are freely navigable.

Historically, some cruise lines provided passengers access to small, undeveloped islands. The trend led to cruise lines purchasing islands for greater control over giving quality experience to ships' passengers.