Environment
As the disease is soilborne, it is not uncommon to find clusters of diseased plants together. The pathogen proliferates in stem tissues when soil has high moisture content and air temperatures from 70-80 degrees Fahrenheit. Rainy seasons promote brown stem rot. When soil is untilled, the disease is more likely to persist in soil. The incidence of brown stem rot is highest at soil pH ~6.3.
Read more about this topic: Phialophora Gregata
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—Viola Spolin (b. 1911)
“A positive learning climate in a school for young children is a composite of many things. It is an attitude that respects children. It is a place where children receive guidance and encouragement from the responsible adults around them. It is an environment where children can experiment and try out new ideas without fear of failure. It is an atmosphere that builds children’s self-confidence so they dare to take risks. It is an environment that nurtures a love of learning.”
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—Gerda Lerner (b. 1920)