Periodic Points of Complex Quadratic Mappings - Period-2 Cycles

Suppose next that we wish to look at period-2 cycles. That is, we want to find two points and such that, and .

Let us start by writing, and see where trying to solve this leads.

Thus, the equation we wish to solve is actually .

This equation is a polynomial of degree 4, and so has 4 (possibly non-distinct) solutions. However, actually, we already know 2 of the solutions. They are and, computed above. It is simple to see why this is; if these points are left unchanged by 1 application of, then clearly they will be unchanged by 2 applications (or more).

Our 4th-order polynomial can therefore be factored in 2 ways :

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