10100 (one Googol) To (one Googolplex)
- Mathematics: There are 157 152 858 401 024 063 281 013 959 519 483 771 508 510 790 313 968 742 344 694 684 829 502 629 887 168 573 442 107 637 760 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 (≈1.57×10116) distinguishable permutations of the V-Cube 6 (6x6x6 Rubik's Cube).
- Chess: Shannon number, 10120, an estimation of the game-tree complexity of chess.
- Physics: 8×10120, ratio of the mass-energy in the observable universe to the energy of a photon with a wavelength the size of the observable universe.
- History — Religion: Asaṃkhyeya is a Buddhist name for the number 10140. It is listed in the Avatamsaka Sutra and metaphorically means "innumerable" in the Sanskrit language of ancient India.
- Xiangqi: 10150, an estimation of the game-tree complexity of xiangqi.
- Mathematics: There are 19 500 551 183 731 307 835 329 126 754 019 748 794 904 992 692 043 434 567 152 132 912 323 232 706 135 469 180 065 278 712 755 853 360 682 328 551 719 137 311 299 993 600 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 (≈1.95 ×10160) distinguishable permutations of the V-Cube 7 (7x7x7 Rubik's Cube).
- Board games: 3.457×10181, number of ways to arrange the tiles in English Scrabble on a standard 15-by-15 Scrabble board.
- Physics: 4×10185, approximate number of Planck volumes in the observable universe.
- Computing: 1.797 693 134 862 315 856×10308 is approximately equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE double precision floating-point format.
- Go: 10365, an estimation of the game-tree complexity in the game of Go.
- Mathematics: 26384405 + 44052638 is a 15,071-digit Leyland prime; the largest which has been proven as of 2010.
- Mathematics: 3,756,801,695,685 × 2666,669 ± 1 are 200,700-digit twin primes; the largest known as of December 2011.
- Mathematics: 18,543,637,900,515 × 2666,667 − 1 is a 200,701-digit Sophie Germain prime; the largest known as of April 2012.
- Mathematics: approximately 7.76 · 10206,544 cattle in the smallest herd which satisfies the conditions of the Archimedes' cattle problem.
- Mathematics: 10290,253 - 2 × 10145,126 + 1 is a 290,253-digit palindromic prime, the largest known as of April 2012.
- Mathematics: 1,098,133# – 1 is a 476,311-digit primorial prime; the largest known as of March 2012.
- Mathematics: 150,209! + 1 is a 712,355-digit factorial prime; the largest known as of August 2011.
- Mathematics — Literature: Jorge Luis Borges' Library of Babel contains at least books (this is a lower bound).
- Mathematics: 356,926524,288 + 1 is a 2,911,151-digit Generalized Fermat prime, the largest known as of 2012.
- Mathematics: 19,249 × 213,018,586 + 1 is a 3,918,990-digit Proth prime, the largest known Proth prime and non-Mersenne prime as of 2010.
- Mathematics: 243,112,609 − 1 is a 12,978,189-digit Mersenne prime; the largest known prime of any kind as of 2010.
- Mathematics: 243,112,608 × (243,112,609 − 1) is a 25,956,377-digit perfect number, the largest known as of 2010.
- Mathematics — History: 1080,000,000,000,000,000, largest named number in Archimedes' Sand Reckoner.
- Mathematics: 10googol, a googolplex.
Read more about this topic: Orders Of Magnitude (numbers)