Optical Wireless - Sources

Sources

  • Definition: Optical Wireless, SearchMobileComputuing website.


Optical telecommunication
Basic
  • Smoke signal
  • Beacon
  • Hydraulic telegraph
  • Ships flags
  • Semaphore line
  • Heliograph
  • Signal lamp
Advanced
  • Fiber-optic telecommunication
  • Free-space optical telecommunication
  • Optical wireless
  • Optical fiber
    • cable
    • connector
  • Optical Carrier
  • Photophone
  • Intensity modulation
  • Modulating retro-reflector
  • Optical Transport Network
Telecommunications
History
  • Beacon
  • Broadcasting
  • Communications satellite
  • Computer network
  • Drums
  • Electrical telegraph
  • Fax
  • Heliographs
  • Hydraulic telegraph
  • Internet
  • Mass media
  • Mobile phone
  • Optical telecommunication
  • Optical telegraphy
  • Photophone
  • Prepaid mobile phone
  • Radio
  • Radiotelephone
  • Satellite communications
  • Smoke signals
  • Telecommunications history
  • Telegraphy
  • Telephone
  • The Telephone Cases
  • Television
  • Timeline of communication technology
  • Undersea telegraph line
  • Videoconferencing
  • Videophone
  • Videotelephony
Pioneers
  • Edwin Howard Armstrong
  • John Logie Baird
  • Alexander Graham Bell
  • Tim Berners-Lee
  • Jagadish Chandra Bose
  • Vint Cerf
  • Claude Chappe
  • Lee De Forest
  • Philo Farnsworth
  • Reginald Fessenden
  • Elisha Gray
  • Guglielmo Marconi
  • Alexander Stepanovich Popov
  • Johann Philipp Reis
  • Nikola Tesla
  • Camille Papin Tissot
  • Alfred Vail
  • Charles Wheatstone
  • Vladimir K. Zworykin
Network topology
  • links
  • nodes
  • terminal node
Transmission media
  • Coaxial cable
  • Free-space optical
  • Optical fiber
  • Radio waves
  • Telephone lines
  • Terrestrial microwave
Switching
  • Circuit switching
  • Packet switching
  • Telephone exchange
  • Network switch
Multiplexing
  • space-division multiplexing
  • Frequency-division multiplexing
  • Time-division multiplexing
  • Polarization-division multiplexing
  • Orbital angular momentum multiplexing
  • Code division multiplexing
Networks
  • ARPANET
  • BITNET
  • Ethernet
  • FidoNet
  • Internet
  • ISDN
  • LAN
  • Mobile
  • NGN
  • Public Switched Telephone
  • Radio
  • Telecommunications equipment
  • Television
  • Telex
  • WAN
  • Wireless
  • World Wide Web
Geographic
Telecommunications in Africa
Sovereign states
  • Algeria
  • Angola
  • Benin
  • Botswana
  • Burkina Faso
  • Burundi
  • Cameroon
  • Cape Verde
  • Central African Republic
  • Chad
  • Comoros
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Republic of the Congo
  • Djibouti
  • Egypt
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Eritrea
  • Ethiopia
  • Gabon
  • The Gambia
  • Ghana
  • Guinea
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
  • Kenya
  • Lesotho
  • Liberia
  • Libya
  • Madagascar
  • Malawi
  • Mali
  • Mauritania
  • Mauritius
  • Morocco
  • Mozambique
  • Namibia
  • Niger
  • Nigeria
  • Rwanda
  • São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Senegal
  • Seychelles
  • Sierra Leone
  • Somalia
  • South Africa
  • South Sudan
  • Sudan
  • Swaziland
  • Tanzania
  • Togo
  • Tunisia
  • Uganda
  • Zambia
  • Zimbabwe
States with limited
recognition
  • Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
  • Somaliland
Dependencies and
other territories
  • Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla / Plazas de soberanía
  • Madeira
  • Mayotte / Réunion
  • Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha
  • Western Sahara
Telecommunications in Asia
Sovereign
states
  • Afghanistan
  • Armenia
  • Azerbaijan
  • Bahrain
  • Bangladesh
  • Bhutan
  • Brunei
  • Burma (Myanmar)
  • Cambodia
  • People's Republic of China
  • Cyprus
  • East Timor (Timor-Leste)
  • Egypt
  • Georgia
  • India
  • Indonesia
  • Iran
  • Iraq
  • Israel
  • Japan
  • Jordan
  • Kazakhstan
  • North Korea
  • South Korea
  • Kuwait
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Laos
  • Lebanon
  • Malaysia
  • Maldives
  • Mongolia
  • Nepal
  • Oman
  • Pakistan
  • Philippines
  • Qatar
  • Russia
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Singapore
  • Sri Lanka
  • Syria
  • Tajikistan
  • Thailand
  • Turkey
  • Turkmenistan
  • United Arab Emirates
  • Uzbekistan
  • Vietnam
  • Yemen
States with limited
recognition
  • Abkhazia
  • Nagorno-Karabakh
  • Northern Cyprus
  • Palestine
  • South Ossetia
  • Taiwan
Dependencies and
other territories
  • British Indian Ocean Territory
  • Christmas Island
  • Cocos (Keeling) Islands
  • Hong Kong
  • Macau
Telecommunications in Europe
Sovereign states
  • Albania
  • Andorra
  • Armenia
  • Austria
  • Azerbaijan
  • Belarus
  • Belgium
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Cyprus
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • France
  • Georgia
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • Ireland
  • Italy
  • Kazakhstan
  • Latvia
  • Liechtenstein
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Macedonia
  • Malta
  • Moldova
  • Monaco
  • Montenegro
  • Netherlands
  • Norway
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Russia
  • San Marino
  • Serbia
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland
  • Turkey
  • Ukraine
  • United Kingdom
States with limited
recognition
  • Abkhazia
  • Kosovo
  • Nagorno-Karabakh
  • Northern Cyprus
  • South Ossetia
  • Transnistria
Dependencies and
other territories
  • Åland
  • Faroe Islands
  • Gibraltar
  • Guernsey
  • Jersey
  • Isle of Man
  • Svalbard
Other entities
  • European Union
Telecommunications in North America
Sovereign states
  • Antigua and Barbuda
  • Bahamas
  • Barbados
  • Belize
  • Canada
  • Costa Rica
  • Cuba
  • Dominica
  • Dominican Republic
  • El Salvador
  • Grenada
  • Guatemala
  • Haiti
  • Honduras
  • Jamaica
  • Mexico
  • Nicaragua
  • Panama
  • Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Saint Lucia
  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Trinidad and Tobago
  • United States
Dependencies and
other territories
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • Bermuda
  • Bonaire
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Greenland
  • Guadeloupe
  • Martinique
  • Montserrat
  • Navassa Island
  • Puerto Rico
  • Saint Barthélemy
  • Saint Martin
  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon
  • Saba
  • Sint Eustatius
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands
  • United States Virgin Islands
Telecommunications in Oceania
Sovereign states
  • Australia
  • East Timor (Timor-Leste)
  • Fiji
  • Indonesia
  • Kiribati
  • Marshall Islands
  • Federated States of Micronesia
  • Nauru
  • New Zealand
  • Palau
  • Papua New Guinea
  • Samoa
  • Solomon Islands
  • Tonga
  • Tuvalu
  • Vanuatu
Dependencies and
other territories
  • American Samoa
  • Christmas Island
  • Cocos (Keeling) Islands
  • Cook Islands
  • Easter Island
  • French Polynesia
  • Guam
  • Hawaii
  • New Caledonia
  • Niue
  • Norfolk Island
  • Northern Mariana Islands
  • Pitcairn Islands
  • Tokelau
  • Wallis and Futuna
Telecommunications in South America
Sovereign states
  • Argentina
  • Bolivia
  • Brazil
  • Chile
  • Colombia
  • Ecuador
  • Guyana
  • Paraguay
  • Peru
  • Suriname
  • Trinidad and Tobago
  • Uruguay
  • Venezuela
Dependencies and
other territories
  • Aruba
  • Bonaire
  • Curaçao
  • Falkland Islands
  • French Guiana
  • South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

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