Omelek Island - History

History

Omelek has long been used by the United States for small research rocket launches due to its relative isolation in the South Pacific. The last U.S. government rocket launch occurred in 1996.

More recently, the island's equatorial proximity and nearby radar tracking infrastructure have attracted SpaceX, an orbital launch provider, which updated facilities on the island and established it as their primary launch location. SpaceX began launching Falcon 1 rockets from Omelek in 2006. Falcon 1 Flight 4, the first successful privately-funded, liquid-propelled orbital launch vehicle, was launched from Omelek Island on 28 September 2008. Omelek will also soon host launches for the upgraded Falcon 1e rocket.

There is a tentative plan by SpaceX to upgrade the launch site for use by the Falcon 9 launch vehicle. As of December 2010, the SpaceX launch manifest gives Omelek (Kwajalein) as a potential site for several Falcon 9 launches, the first in 2012. and the Falcon 9 Overview document offers Kwajalein as a launch option.

The Reagan Test Site, which includes rocket launch sites on other islands in the Kwajalein Atoll, on Wake Island, and at Aur Atoll, is the only U.S. government equatorial launch facility.