History
The town's official webpage connects its early history with settlement by early Slavic peoples, and later settlement by Old Prussian who were conquered by Polish ruler Bolesław Krzywousty The settlement was founded by Teutonic Order's Otto von Luttenberg and was known under following names Nuwenmarkt, Novum Forum, Nowy Targ. It adopted Kulm law in 1353. In Polish–Teutonic War of 1410 the town briefly became part of Poland due to result of local fighting, and remained so until the 1411 Peace Treaty. In 1454, the city joined the Prussian Confederation, an association of cities and gentry that opposed the policy of the Order.
Nowy Targ again became part of Kingdom of Poland as part of western Prussia in 1466 (Second Peace of Thorn), where it remained until 1772, when it was annexed by Prussia in Partitions of Poland).
At the end of the 19th century, the town was capital of Landkreis Löbau in the Prussian district of Marienwerder, it had a Lutheran and a Catholic church, a Progymnasium, a court, a steam mill with grain trading, and (as of 1885) 2678 inhabitants. The monastery Maria-Lonk was nearby.
The city webpage notes 19 January 1920 as "return of the city to the Motherland" as the town was again retored to Poland after the (Versailles Treaty) in January 1920. During the Second Polish Republic Nowe Miasto Lubawskie was the capital of Nowe Miasto County (Polish: powiat nowomiejski) in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.
During German Invasion of Poland in 1939 the town and the local area were occupied by invading forces on 3 September;afterwards 2.500 civilians were mass murdered mainly due to actions by SS and units made from German minority's militia Selbstschutz
On 21 January 1945 town was captured by the Red Army. After the war the town was returned to Poland.
Read more about this topic: Nowe Miasto Lubawskie
Famous quotes containing the word history:
“I am ashamed to see what a shallow village tale our so-called History is. How many times must we say Rome, and Paris, and Constantinople! What does Rome know of rat and lizard? What are Olympiads and Consulates to these neighboring systems of being? Nay, what food or experience or succor have they for the Esquimaux seal-hunter, or the Kanaka in his canoe, for the fisherman, the stevedore, the porter?”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
“Postmodernism is, almost by definition, a transitional cusp of social, cultural, economic and ideological history when modernism’s high-minded principles and preoccupations have ceased to function, but before they have been replaced with a totally new system of values. It represents a moment of suspension before the batteries are recharged for the new millennium, an acknowledgment that preceding the future is a strange and hybrid interregnum that might be called the last gasp of the past.”
—Gilbert Adair, British author, critic. Sunday Times: Books (London, April 21, 1991)
“In history an additional result is commonly produced by human actions beyond that which they aim at and obtain—that which they immediately recognize and desire. They gratify their own interest; but something further is thereby accomplished, latent in the actions in question, though not present to their consciousness, and not included in their design.”
—Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831)