History
The town's official webpage connects its early history with settlement by early Slavic peoples, and later settlement by Old Prussian who were conquered by Polish ruler Bolesław Krzywousty The settlement was founded by Teutonic Order's Otto von Luttenberg and was known under following names Nuwenmarkt, Novum Forum, Nowy Targ. It adopted Kulm law in 1353. In Polish–Teutonic War of 1410 the town briefly became part of Poland due to result of local fighting, and remained so until the 1411 Peace Treaty. In 1454, the city joined the Prussian Confederation, an association of cities and gentry that opposed the policy of the Order.
Nowy Targ again became part of Kingdom of Poland as part of western Prussia in 1466 (Second Peace of Thorn), where it remained until 1772, when it was annexed by Prussia in Partitions of Poland).
At the end of the 19th century, the town was capital of Landkreis Löbau in the Prussian district of Marienwerder, it had a Lutheran and a Catholic church, a Progymnasium, a court, a steam mill with grain trading, and (as of 1885) 2678 inhabitants. The monastery Maria-Lonk was nearby.
The city webpage notes 19 January 1920 as "return of the city to the Motherland" as the town was again retored to Poland after the (Versailles Treaty) in January 1920. During the Second Polish Republic Nowe Miasto Lubawskie was the capital of Nowe Miasto County (Polish: powiat nowomiejski) in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.
During German Invasion of Poland in 1939 the town and the local area were occupied by invading forces on 3 September;afterwards 2.500 civilians were mass murdered mainly due to actions by SS and units made from German minority's militia Selbstschutz
On 21 January 1945 town was captured by the Red Army. After the war the town was returned to Poland.
Read more about this topic: Nowe Miasto Lubawskie
Famous quotes containing the word history:
“The disadvantage of men not knowing the past is that they do not know the present. History is a hill or high point of vantage, from which alone men see the town in which they live or the age in which they are living.”
—Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874–1936)
“My good friends, this is the second time in our history that there has come back from Germany to Downing Street peace with honour. I believe it is peace for our time. We thank you from the bottom of our hearts. And now I recommend you to go home and sleep quietly in your beds.”
—Neville Chamberlain (1869–1940)
“I believe that in the history of art and of thought there has always been at every living moment of culture a “will to renewal.” This is not the prerogative of the last decade only. All history is nothing but a succession of “crises”Mof rupture, repudiation and resistance.... When there is no “crisis,” there is stagnation, petrification and death. All thought, all art is aggressive.”
—Eugène Ionesco (b. 1912)