Constructs
- attention- mental energy, processing incoming information, and regulating output (Posner & Rothbart, 2007)
- temporal-sequential ordering- processing and production of material that is serial (Bishoff-Grethe, Goedert., Willingham, & Grafton, 2004; Parmentier, Andres, Elfors, & Jones, 2006; Zorzi, Prifitis, Meneghello, Marenzi, & Umilt, 2006)
- spatial-ordering- processing and production of material that is visual and/or spatial (van Garderen, 2006; Mammarella, Cornoldi, Pazzaglia, Toso, Grimoldi,& Vio, 2006; Kozhevnikov, Motes, & Hegarty, 2007).
- memory- storage and retrieval of information (after brief or long delays), or mentally suspending information while using it (Swanson & Jerman, 2007; Kail & Hall, 2001; Imbo & Vandierendonck, 2007).
- language- understanding and use of linguistic sounds, words, sentences, and discourse (Katzir, Youngsuk, Wolf, O'Brien, Kennedy, Lovett, & Morris, 2006; Nagy, Berninger, & Abbott, 2006; Altemeier, Jones, Abbott, & Berninger, 2006).
- neuromotor function- control over movement of large muscles, hands, and fingers (Williams, Thomas, Maruff, & Wilson, 2008; Bar-Haim & Bart, 2006; Contreras-Vidal, 2006).
- social cognition- navigation of interaction with others, including verbal and nonverbal tactics (Blake & Shiffrar, 2007; Blakemore, 2007; Brewer & Hewstone, 2004; Holtgraves & Kashima, 2008)
- higher order cognition- complex and sophisticated thinking (Russ, Scherr, Hammer, & Mineska, 2008; Hertzog, 2007; Amsterlaw, 2006).
In addition to the 8 constructs, this framework includes several "cross-construct" phenomena: rate alignment (working at optimal speed), strategy use (working and thinking tactically), chunk size capacity- the amount of material that can be processed, stored or generated, and metacognition (degree of knowledge about learning and insight into one's own neurodevelopmental strengths and weaknesses). (Benjamin & Bird, 2006; Broekkamp & Van Hout-Wolters, 2007; Flavell, 1979; Halford, Wilson, & Phillips, 1998; Hofer, 2004; Lungu, Liu, Waechter, Willingham, & Ashe, 2007).
Read more about this topic: Neurodevelopmental Framework For Learning
Famous quotes containing the word constructs:
“In some extremely important ways, people are what you expect them to be, or at least they behave as you expect them to behave.”
—Naomi Weisstein, U.S. psychologist, feminist, and author. Psychology Constructs the Female (1969)
“Psychologists have set about describing the true nature of women with a certainty and a sense of their own infallibility rarely found in the secular world.”
—Naomi Weisstein, U.S. psychologist, feminist, and author. Psychology Constructs the Female (1969)
“To me the “female principle” is, or at least historically has been, basically anarchic. It values order without constraint, rule by custom not by force. It has been the male who enforces order, who constructs power structures, who makes, enforces, and breaks laws.”
—Ursula K. Le Guin (b. 1929)